| European Union |
Allowed with TPD compliance |
Maximum nicotine concentration of 20 mg/ml for consumer e-liquids. |
Refill containers generally limited to 10 ml; cartridges and tanks generally limited to 2 ml. Products require child-resistant and tamper-evident protection, nicotine-content information, ingredient disclosure, health warnings, and a leaflet. |
Manufacturers and importers must submit product information to the relevant national authorities, generally at least six months before placing products on the market. |
Member States may impose additional rules on flavors, advertising, taxes, packaging, and cross-border distance sales. |
Confirm the destination country, product notification status, EU-compliant technical file, laboratory testing, packaging artwork, batch traceability, and excise obligations. |
EU Tobacco Products Directive 2014/40/EU |
| United Kingdom |
Allowed with UK compliance |
Maximum nicotine concentration of 20 mg/ml for consumer nicotine e-liquids. |
Refill containers generally limited to 10 ml; cartridges and tanks generally limited to 2 ml. Child-resistant packaging, health warnings, ingredient information, emissions information, and safety leaflets are required. Single-use vapes are prohibited from sale in the UK from 1 June 2025. |
Products must be notified through the UK’s tobacco and vaping product notification system before sale. |
Age-of-sale rules, advertising restrictions, packaging controls, environmental duties, and local enforcement requirements apply. Northern Ireland may also be affected by applicable EU product rules. |
Check UK notification records, post-Brexit packaging, nicotine strength, device capacity, disposable status, producer obligations, and fulfillment restrictions. |
UK Government: E-cigarettes and vapes |
| United States |
Restricted and authorization-based |
There is no single federal nicotine-strength ceiling equivalent to the EU 20 mg/ml limit. State and local rules may impose additional limits or prohibitions. |
Products are regulated as tobacco products. Packaging must comply with applicable nicotine warnings, child-resistant packaging rules, ingredient and manufacturing controls, and state-specific requirements. |
New tobacco products generally require authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration before lawful marketing. A product’s presence in another country does not establish U.S. market authorization. |
Federal age-of-sale is 21. Importation, mail-order fulfillment, online sales, excise taxes, licensing, and reporting may be restricted under federal, state, and local law. |
Verify federal marketing authorization, importer responsibilities, state-by-state legality, tax registration, age verification, shipping eligibility, and product listing restrictions. |
U.S. FDA: Tobacco Products |
| Canada |
Allowed with federal and provincial compliance |
Maximum nicotine concentration of 20 mg/ml under federal vaping-product rules. |
Products require compliant health warnings, ingredient and nicotine information, child-resistant packaging where applicable, bilingual labeling, and prescribed packaging elements. |
Manufacturers and importers must meet federal reporting and notification obligations, including product and ingredient information requirements where applicable. |
Federal excise duties, provincial taxes, provincial flavor rules, retail licensing, advertising restrictions, and provincial age limits may differ. |
Confirm concentration, bilingual artwork, excise stamps or markings, importer records, provincial destination rules, tax treatment, and authorized distribution channels. |
Canada Tobacco and Vaping Products Act |
| Australia |
Pharmacy and therapeutic-goods pathway |
Commercially supplied nicotine vaping products must comply with applicable therapeutic-goods standards and permitted strength limits. Requirements can change through federal reforms. |
Products must meet applicable therapeutic-vaping standards covering ingredients, nicotine concentration, labeling, packaging, child resistance, quality, and prohibited substances. |
Supply is generally limited to authorized pharmacy and therapeutic-goods pathways. Importers may need applicable permits, approvals, or documentation depending on the product and route. |
State and territory laws also regulate possession, prescription access, retail supply, advertising, and use. General consumer importation is not a substitute for commercial authorization. |
Obtain current Therapeutic Goods Administration guidance, confirm product standard compliance, pharmacy eligibility, import permissions, prescription requirements, and state or territory restrictions. |
Australian TGA: Vaping Hub |
| New Zealand |
Allowed with notification and product controls |
Nicotine e-liquids are subject to a maximum concentration of 50 mg/ml under the applicable product safety rules. |
Products require prescribed health warnings, ingredient and nicotine information, child-resistant packaging, safety labeling, and restrictions on certain product claims and presentation. |
Manufacturers and importers must notify vaping products before they are offered for sale in New Zealand. |
Retailer registration, age restrictions, advertising controls, location restrictions, and rules for disposable products and flavors may apply. |
Check product notification, nicotine concentration, packaging, permitted ingredients, retailer registration, flavor rules, and current disposable-vape requirements. |
New Zealand Ministry of Health: Smokefree and Vaping |
| Singapore |
Prohibited |
Nicotine salt e-liquid for vaping is not permitted for ordinary commercial import, sale, possession, or use. |
Electronic vaporisers, components, and e-liquids are subject to prohibition regardless of brand or intended retail format. |
No ordinary product-registration route is available for commercial consumer sale of vaping products. |
Importation, possession, sale, distribution, and use may result in enforcement action. Do not route commercial shipments through Singapore without specific legal advice. |
Exclude Singapore from standard sourcing and fulfillment routes; screen transit, warehouse, courier, and marketplace arrangements. |
Singapore Health Sciences Authority: Vaporisers |
| Japan |
Pharmaceutical approval pathway |
Nicotine-containing e-liquids are treated differently from nicotine-free products and may fall under pharmaceutical regulation. |
Commercial nicotine products require compliance with applicable pharmaceutical quality, safety, labeling, and advertising requirements rather than relying only on ordinary consumer-product packaging. |
Commercial manufacture, import, and sale generally require the relevant pharmaceutical approvals or licenses. Personal import allowances do not establish a commercial distribution route. |
Import quantities, customs treatment, prefectural rules, and online sales controls must be reviewed for the intended transaction. |
Obtain a Japanese regulatory classification, confirm approval or license requirements, review customs documentation, and separate commercial imports from personal-use rules. |
Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare |
| Brazil |
Prohibited for ordinary commercial supply |
Nicotine salt e-liquid cannot be marketed as a conventional consumer vaping product under the current prohibition framework. |
Manufacture, import, sale, advertising, and distribution of electronic smoking devices and their components are prohibited under the applicable health authority resolution. |
There is no ordinary consumer-product authorization pathway for commercial sale while the prohibition remains in force. |
Customs entry, online sales, promotional activity, and commercial storage may trigger enforcement measures. |
Do not source or ship consumer nicotine vape juice to Brazil unless a current legal review confirms a specific permitted exception. |
Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency: Electronic Smoking Devices |
| India |
Prohibited |
Nicotine salt vape juice is not permitted for ordinary commercial vaping use. |
The law prohibits electronic cigarettes and related devices, including products containing nicotine or other substances intended for vaping. |
No standard registration or notification route is available for commercial import, manufacture, sale, distribution, or advertising. |
Import, export, transport, sale, distribution, storage, and advertising are prohibited under the national law. |
Exclude India from commercial sourcing, marketplace listings, warehouse inventory, and cross-border fulfillment plans. |
India Code: Prohibition of Electronic Cigarettes Act, 2019 |
| Switzerland |
Allowed with tobacco-product compliance |
Nicotine e-liquids are generally limited to 20 mg/ml under the Swiss tobacco-product framework. |
Refill containers are generally limited to 10 ml and cartridges or tanks to 2 ml. Child-resistant packaging, health warnings, ingredients, nicotine information, and safety instructions are required. |
Manufacturers and importers must comply with Swiss product notification and reporting requirements before placing products on the market. |
Swiss labeling, customs, tax, advertising, age-control, and language requirements apply separately from EU market access. |
Prepare Swiss-compliant packaging, verify product notification, confirm language requirements, and assess whether EU documentation is accepted or must be adapted. |
Swiss Tobacco Products Act and Regulations |